Growth efficiency of elm oyster mushroom (Hypsizygus ulmarius) using plant-based waste substrates

Sadhana  Balasubramanian; Preethi  Kannan

doi:10.5937/ror2301029B

Autori

Sadhana Balasubramanian Thiagarajar College, Department of Botany and Research Centre, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India Author
Preethi Kannan Madurai Kamaraj University, Thiagarajar College, Department of Botany and Research Centre, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/ror2301029B

Ključne reči:

Bukovača, supstrat od slame i kukuruzne ljuske, Hypsizygus ulmarius

Apstrakt

Uzgoj gljiva, koje predstavlju nutritivno važne organizme koji imaju uspešan rast na otpadnim supstratima poljoprivrednih biljaka, jeste profitabilan agrobiznis. Pečurke sadrže različita polisaharidna jedinjenja, kao što su celuloza, lignin i hemiceluloza, koja se mogu razgraditi u prisustvu ekstracelularnih enzima koje gljive proizvode. Takve jestive pečurke imaju visoku hranljivu vrednost i sadrže proteine, aminokiseline, ugljene hidrate, masti, lipide, vitamine i minerale. U ovom eksperimentu, pečurke Hypsizygus ulmarius su uzgajane na tri različita supstrata: slami, kukuruznoj ljusci i kombinaciji ova dva supstrata pod strogo kontrolisanim uslovima. Period razvijanja, formiranje klobuka i nicanje su bili brži (14 dana) na kombinovanom supstratu od slame i kukuruzne ljuske. Veličina plodišta je bila veća na suspstratu od kukuruzne ljuske (prečnik klobuka - 7,9 cm; dužina kape - 5,83 cm) i na kombinovanom supstratu (prečnik klobuka - 6,96 cm; dužina kape - 5,53 cm) u poređenju sa onim na supstratu od slame (prečnik klobuka - 6,63 cm; dužina kape - 4,06 cm). Hranljivi sastav ubranih pečuraka sa različitih supstrata je imao najveći sadržaj vlage (69,86 ± 0,41 %) i maksimalni sadržaj pepela (13,06 ± 0,75 %) kod Hypsizygus ulmarius sa kombinovanog supstarta. Ove pečurke su takođe bile bogate proteinima (44,71 ± 0,28 % i 37,88 ± 0,45 %), sadržale su niske nivoe ugljenih hidrata, kao i optimalne nivoe masti i lipida. Dakle, kombinovani supstrat i supstrat od ljuske kukuruza su bili efikasniji i pogodniji za komercijalnu kultivaciju Hypsizygus ulmarius od supstrata slame. Hypsizygus ulmarius ima veći klobuk i daje veći prinos od vrste Pleurotus. Lako ga je uzgajati i imati visok prinos. Ova komercijalna tehnologija proizvodnje jestivih gljiva je primenjena u različitim oblastima kako bi se poboljšala i uravnotežila ishrana u Indiji, a isto tako i prevazišao problem neuhranjenosti. Ovaj rad sugeriše da bi se kombinacija kukuruzne ljuske i slame kao supstrata mogla koristiti za proizvodnju nutritivno efikasnih pečuraka sa visokim prinosom. Mogao bi da se upotrebi kod uzgoja pečuraka i tako doprineti povećanju ekonomije na određenom nivou.

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