Municipal solid waste-to-energy in EU-27 towards a circular economy

Georgios Tsekeris; N. Georgios Anastassakis

doi:10.5937/ror2201085T

Autori

Georgios Tsekeris National Technical University of Athens, School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Athens, Greece Author
N. Georgios Anastassakis National Technical University of Athens, School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Athens, Greece Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8241-7245

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/ror2201085T

Ključne reči:

kružna ekonomija, EU-27, dobijanje energije iz čvrstog komunalnog otpada, čvrsti komunalni otpad, WtE tehnologije

Apstrakt

Ovaj rad se bavi obnavljanjem energije iz čvrstog komunalnog otpada putem spaljivanja (R1) i biloškog tretmana (R3) u okviru EU-27 kao koraku ka kružnoj ekonomiji. Zakonodavstvo EU je analizirano u odnosu na proizvodnju i upravljanje komunalnim otpadom za dobijanje energije, zajedno sa procesima pretvaranja otpada u energiju (spaljivanje, anaerobna digestija i kompostiranje, piroliza, gasifikacija, plazma tehnologija i deponijski gas). Kao referentne godine uzete su 2015. i 2019. godina, koje predstavljaju prvu godinu predstavljanja evropskog plana za kružnu ekonomiju (COM-(2015)-614) i godinu pre predstavljanja COM-(2020)-98. Takođe su prikupljeni i obrađeni podaci svake države članice za 2015. i 2019. godinu, koji obuhvataju ukupno proizvedeni komunalni otpad, ukupan komunalni otpad koji se koristi za dobijanje energije spaljivanjem i biološkim tretmanom, proizvodnaj primarne energije iz obnovljivih i neobnovljivih komunalnih otpadnih voda, kao i bruto domaća potrošnja energije dobijene od komunalnog otpada. Glavni zaključak koji je donesen na osnovu ovog rada bio je trend porasta količine komunalnog otpada koji se koristi za dobijanje energije u EU-27, kao i trend povećanja proizvodnje primarne energije iz komunalnog otpada koji je EU posmatrala kao agregat. Uočeno je da je u nekim državama članicama energija pratila trend rasta sa većom ili nižom stopom, dok je kod drugih imala opadajaći trend. Uprkos opštem trendu povećanja proizvodnje energije iz komunalnog otpada, stopa je još uvek relativno niska kod nekih zemalja i potrebno je uložiti veći napor kako bi se uskladila sa politikom EU na putu ka kružnoj ekonomiji.

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