Model for evaluating municipal waste management system applying the LCA - Part I: Review of LCA Software

Hristina Stevanović Čarapina; Jasna  Stepanov; Dunja Prokić

doi:10.5937/ror1901043C

Autori

Hristina Stevanović Čarapina Agencija za konsalting - Envicon, Beograd Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1057-4468
Jasna Stepanov Educons University, Faculty of Environmental Protection, Serbia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4396-5665
Dunja Prokić Educons University, Faculty of Environmental Protection, Serbia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-1259

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/ror1901043C

Ključne reči:

ocenjivanje životnog ciklusa (LCA), čvrst komunalni otpad, model inventara životnog ciklusa (IWM-2), metoda ocenjivanja uticaja životnog ciklusa (Impact2002+)

Apstrakt

Održivi ciljevi upravljanja otpadom, zasnovani na konceptu da je otpad resurs, podrazumevaju ekonomski, društveno i po životnu sredinu prihvatljivo upravljanje istim. Da bi se postigao održiv sistem upravljanja otpadom, primenjuje se pristup zasnovan na životnom ciklusu. Primena ovog pristupa može pomoći da se smanji uticaj na životnu sredinu. Postoji nekoliko metodologija za procenu i merenje ovih uticaja i ocenjivanje životnog ciklusa (LCA) je jedan od njih. Regulisana je standardom ISO 14040 i podrazumeva proces koji ocenjuje ekološke aspekte i potencijalne uticaje na životnu sredinu tokom celokupnog životnog ciklusa proizvoda ili usluge. Cilj ove studije je da razvije model za evaluaciju sistema upravljanja otpadom, zasnovan na LCA. Primenom ovog modela moguće je proceniti efikasnost i troškove tretmana komunalnog otpada, kao i uticaj ukupnog sistema upravljanja otpadom i individualnih tretmana na životnu sredinu. U prvom delu studije, detaljno je predstavljena LCA, kao alat za planiranje i upravljanje čvrstim komunalnim otpadom, uključujući i faze LCA studije. Drugi deo rada je fokusiran na prikaz različitih modela za procenu posledica sistema upravljanja otpadom na životnu sredinu, zasnovanih na životnom ciklusu. U poslednjem delu studije, razvijen je model za evaluaciju sistema upravljanja komunalnim otpadom, zasnovan na oceni životnog ciklusa. Ovaj model procenjuje uticaj na životnu sredinu, kao i troškove različitih opcija upravljanja otpadom.

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