Non-invasive environmental monitoring of the coniferous forests using statistical analysis and data modelling

Polina Lemenkova

doi:10.5937/ror2501035L

Autori

Polina Lemenkova University of Bologna, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5759-1089

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/ror2501035L

Ključne reči:

održivi razvoj, klimatske promene, ekologija, ekološko praćenje

Apstrakt

Klima ima ključnu ulogu u uspostavljanju odnosa između zdravlja četinarskih šuma i vodnog bilansa, što je od suštinskog značaja za efikasnu biosintezu u uslovima promenljivih meteoroloških faktora. U ovom radu se ističe da starost šume (mlade šume <30 godina i stare šume >200 godina) doprinosi poboljšanoj ekofiziologiji u održavanju vodnog bilansa kroz odgovor drveća na vremenske uslove (padavine, temperatura i vodni bilans u različitim sezonama). Globalne klimatske promene, pre svega porast temperatura, imaju značajan uticaj na životnu sredinu planinskih ekosistema Alpa. Subalpske šume poboljšavaju raspodelu padavina, pri čemu procesi presretanja u krošnjama stabala određuju stabilnost udela vode koja dospeva do tla, kao i količinu vode koja isparava. Ovi procesi doprinose globalnom unapređenju šumskih ekosistema na nivou slivova, jer na presretanje utiču struktura i gustina krošnji stabala, kao i prisustvo epifita. Istraživanje je pokazalo da četinarske šume (jela, smrča i bor) značajno utiču na količinu vode koja se zadržava i otpušta u zemljištu i biljkama. Presretanje u gustim subalpskim šumama može predstavljati značajan deo ukupnih padavina. Analiza podataka korišćenjem modelovanja zasnovanog na Python-u pokazala je da starost šume doprinosi povećanoj biosintezi putem unapređenja protoka vode. Ova studija naglašava značaj otkrivanja skrivenih klimatsko-ekoloških činilaca koji vode ka unapređenju šumske hidrologije i ekofiziologije, sa ciljem poboljšanja biosinteze i vodnog bilansa u četinarskim šumama Alpa.

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